alifah's blog: 2012

Sabtu, 24 November 2012

giving attention

Giving Attention

1. The Definition of Gaining Attention

Gaining attention is a way or expression that is spoken so that other people will pay their attention to what we want to.

2. Expressions We Can Use to Ask Other People Attention

Here are some expressions we can use to ask another people attention.

1) Attention, please!

2) May/can I have your attention, please?

3) Look!

4) Look here!

5) Excuse me!

6) Excuse me, look here!

7) Listen to me, please.

8) Waiter?

9) I’m sorry, but ….

10) Wow, really?

11) Excuse me, look here, please.

12) I’m listening.

Giving Instruction

1. The Definition of Giving Instruction

Giving instruction is an expression that used to give or ask somebody to do something that what we want. Giving instruction same with imperative sentence.

2. Forms of Giving Instruction

There are two form of giving instruction, those are:

1) Command

There are some giving instruction in command form that usually we use in the dialy life, those are:

Verb + object

Examples:
Watch out, come here.
Eat your meal.
Switch off the phone in class.
Please + verb + object
Examples:
Please clean your room now.
Please wash your hand first.
Please press the button gently.
Please read the rules first.
Please read the direction for use first.

Verb + object + please

Examples:
Wash this towel, please.
Sit down, please.
Close the window, please.
Open the door, please.
Remove the pan from the heat, please.

Be + adjective

Examples:
Be yourself.
Be a good boy/girl.
Be strong.
Be happy.
Be polite.
Be careful.
Be gentle.

2) Prohibition

There are some giving instruction in prohibition form that usually we use in the dialy life, those are:

Don’t + verb infinitive without to

Examples:
Don’t eat the fried chicken in the cupboard.
Don’t close it!
Don’t open the door!
Don’t eat that!
Don’t approach!
Don’t disturb me now!
Don’t touch my hand!

Don’t + be + adjective

Examples:
Don’t be noisy.
Don’t be lazy.
Don’t + verb + object + please
Examples:
Don’t close the window, please.
Don’t make me sad anymore, please.
Don’t treat me bad, please.

Would you mind not + verb-ing + object

Examples:
Would you mind not reading my diary.
Would you mind not enter my room.
Would you mind not use my gadget.

No + verb-ing

Examples:
No smoking!
No swimming!
No parking.
No fishing.

example:

Calculating the standard deviation

First, put the scores in order down the page.
Then, work out the mean.
Now calculate how much each deviates from the mean.
Next, square each of these deviations.Add them all up.
Now divide by the number of scores.
Lastly find the square root.
This is the standard deviation.

narrative

Narative Text

1. The Purpose of Narrative Text

The purpose of narrative text is to amuse or entertain the readers. Narratives deal with problematic events which lead to a crisis or turning point of some kind, which in turn a resolution.

2. The Generic Structure (Parts) of Narrative Text

There are three parts of narrative text, those are:

1) Orientation

It sets the scene and introduces the participants of the story.

2) Complication

It shows when the crisis arises.

3) Resolution

It shows when the crisis is resolved, for a better or worse condition.

Note:

The structure of narratives occurs in the text variously. A text may have only one complication and resolution, but another text may have more than one complication and resolution.

3. The grammatical features of narratives

There are some grammatical features of narratives, those are:

1) Use of adjectives to build noun groups to describe the people, animals, or things in the story, such as …. a nice, diligent and kind-hearted man;

2) Use of time connectives and conjunctions to sequence events through time, such as however, although, later, then;

3) Use of adverbs and adverbial phrases to locate the particular events, such asonce upon a time, long time ago;

4) Use of past tenses, such as Aji Saka went to the kingdom, measured the size of the turban ….;

5) Use of action verbs to indicate the actions, such as fleed, explained, provided, smashed; and

6) Use of saying and thinking verbs to indicate what characters are feeling, thinking, or saying, such as told, realized, decided.

Example :

THE SMARTEST PARROT

Once upon time, a man had a wonderful parrot. There was no other parrot like it. The parrot could say every word, except one word. The parrot would not say the name of the place where it was born. The name of the place was Catano.

The man felt excited having the smartest parrot but he could not understand why the parrot would not say Catano. The man tried to teach the bird to say Catano however the bird kept not saying the word.

At the first, the man was very nice to the bird but then he got very angry. “You stupid bird!” pointed the man to the parrot. “Why can’t you say the word? Say Catano! Or I will kill you” the man said angrily. Although he tried hard to teach, the parrot would not say it. Then the man got so angry and shouted to the bird over and over; “Say Catano or I’ll kill you”. The bird kept not to say the word of Catano.

One day, after he had been trying so many times to make the bird say Catano, the man really got very angry. He could not bear it. He picked the parrot and threw it into the chicken house. There were four old chickens for next dinner “You are as stupid as the chickens. Just stay with them” Said the man angrily. Then he continued to humble; “You know, I will cut the chicken for my meal. Next it will be your turn, I will eat you too, stupid parrot”. After that he left the chicken house.

The next day, the man came back to the chicken house. He opened the door and was very surprised. He could not believe what he saw at the chicken house. There were three death chickens on the floor. At the moment, the parrot was standing proudly and screaming at the last old chicken; “Say Catano or I’ll kill you”.

expressing happiness

Expressing Happiness

Definition

Happiness expression is an expression that is used to show that someone or people are glad have excited feelings.

What is happiness?

It is important to first understand that the term “happiness” refers to the emotion, mood, and state of happiness; however researchers generally study the more enduring “state”. Expression happiness is used to express happiness feelings when we are successful to do something.

2. Expressing Happiness

Here are some expressions to show happiness

Expressing Happiness

That’s wonderful!
That’s fantastic!
That’s good!
I find it very exciting.
Good job!
Great!
Fantastic!
Terrific!
Hooray!
Yippee!
What a great idea!
It sounds like fun.
It is good news.
I’m pleased/delighted about it.
It’s the best thing I’ve heard …. (examples: ever, for a long time)

Example

Donna : I hear that you are the winner of english speech contest, right?

Gio : That’s right

Donna : What a great news ! Congratulation, Gio

Gio : Thanks Donna

part of body

The Body = Tubuh

1.Hair = Rambut

2.Head = Kepala

3.Neck = Leher

4.Throat = Tenggorokan

5.Shoulder = Bahu

6.Chest = Dada

7.Back = Punggung

8.Waist = Pinggung

9.Stomach = Perut

10.Hip = Pinggul

11.Bottom = Pantat

12.Armpit = Ketiak

13.Arm = Lengan

14.Upper arm = Lengan Atas

15.Elbow = Siku

16.Forearm = Lengan Bawah

17.Wrist = Pergelangan Tangan

18.Fist = Kepalan Tangan

19.Hand = Tanagn

20.Palm = Tapak Tangan

21.Thumb = Ibu Jari

22.Finger = Jari Tangan

23.Nail = Kuku

24.Leg = Kaki

25.Thigh = Paha

26.Knee = Lutut

27.Calf = Betis

28.Ankle = Pergelangan Kaki

29.Foot = Kaki

30.Heel = Tumit

31.Instep = Kura-Kura Kaki

32.Sole = Tapak Kaki

33.Toes = Jari Kaki

The Insides = Organ Dalam

1.Brain = Otak

2.Windpipe = Batang Tenggorokan

3.Heart = Jantung

4.Lung = Paru-Paru

5.Liver = Hati

6.Kidney = Ginjal

7.Intestines = Usus

8.Bladder = Kandung Kemis

9.Vein = Pembuluh Balik

10.Artery = Pembuluh Nadi

11.Muscle = Otot

The Eye = MATA

1.Eyeball = Bola Mata

2.Eyebrow = Alis Mata

3.Eyelid = Kelopak Mata

4.Eyelashes = Bulu Mata

5.Pupil = Manik Mata

6.Iris = Selaput Pelangi

The Face = Wajah

1.Eye = Mata

2.Noise = Hidung

3.Ear = Telinga

4.Mouth = Mulut

5.Cheek = Pipi

6.Chin = Dagu

7.Temple = Pelipis

8.Forehead/Brow = Dahi/Kenig

9.Jaw = Rahang

10. Moustache = Kumis

11.Beard = Janggut

12.Tooth = Gigi

13.Lip = Bibir

14.Tongue = Lidah

present perfect tense

Present Perfect Tense

Verbal Sentence	Nominal Sentence
(+) S+has/have+V3+c	(+) S+has been/have been+c
(- ) S+has/have+not+V3+c	(- ) S+has been/have been+not+c
(? ) has/have+S+V3+c?	(?) has/have+s+been+complement
Example : (+) I has bought a book. (-) I hasn’t bought a book. (?) Has I bought a book ?	Example : (+) She has been write a letter. (-) She has been not write a letter. (?) Has she been write a letter. .

present continuous tense

Present Continuous Tense

(+) S + To be ( is, am, are)+ V-ing+ O

(-) S + To be + not + V- ing + O

(?) To be + S + V-ing + O

Example :

(+) They are eating meatball now.

(-) They aren’t eating meatball now.

(?) Are they eating meatball now ?

simple present tense

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Simple present tense is used to express habits, general truths, repeated action or unchanging situation, emotion, and wishes.

Verbal Sentence’s	Nominal Sentence’s
(+) S + V 1 s/es + Object ( O) (-) S + do not/ does not + V1 + O (?) Do/Does + S + V1 + O	(+) S + To be ( am, is, are)+ KB/KS/KK/KD (-) S + To be+ not + KB/KS/KK/KD (?) To be+ S + KB/KS/KK/KD
example (+) He takes the bag. (-) He doesn’t take the bag. (?) Does he take the bag ?	Example : (+) They are teachers in my school. (-) They aren’t teachers in my school (?) Are they teachers in my school ?

invitation

INVITATION

Invitation is the way to invite someone or more to go to place or to do something.

Purpose is to invite someone or more to come to an event.

Types of Invitation :

1. Formal Invitation

2. Informal Invitation

Formal Invitation

Formal invitation is usually originate from institutes, companies and a kind of it with formal language.

Informal Invitation

Informal Invitation is personal invitation given to a friend, family, etc. With informal or daily language.

appointment

Appointment

1. The Definition of Appointment

Appointment is a kind of expression which is used to conduct an appointment.

2. Expressions We Can Use to Make and Accept an Appointment

Here are some expressions we can use to make and accept an appointment.

Making an Appointment

Accepting an Appointment

1) Will you pick me up at ….? (example: tomorrow afternoon 3pm.)

2) What if we go ….? (examples: cycling on car free day next Sunday, playing badminton this afternoon)

3) Will you go out with me ….? (example: tonight)

4) I’ll go to …. (example: your house at 2 p.m.). It’s all right?

5) I’d like to make an appointment with …. (examples: you, him, her)

6) I want to make an appointment to see …. (examples: my private teacher)

7) I’d like you to come and see me.

8) Can we meet at …. (examples: garden park, school hall)

9) Can I come and see you?

10) What about …. (example: tomorrow night at 7 p.m.)

1) Okay. I’ll be there on time.

2) No problem. I’m free …. (examples: on Sunday, at that day, at that time)

3) Sure, I love it.

4) Good idea.

5) Definitely!

6) All right, see you there.

7) It is a deal.

8) Sure.

9) Why not?

10) Okay

3. Expressions We Can Use to Cancel an Appointment

Here are some expressions we can use to cancel an appointment.

Cancel an Appointment

1) I’m sorry. I can’t meet you today. I have to accompany my mother to visit my grandma. Can we reschedule?

2) We’re terribly sorry we have to cancel our appointment. Mrs. Kayana’s flight is delayed for three hours.

3) I’m afraid I have to put off put appointment because I have an urgent business to do.

4) Sorry. I can’t meet you this weekend since I have another appointment.

5) Sorry, I can’t meet you tomorrow. I’m busy at that day.

CHANGING AN APPOINTMENT

Hello, Bella
	hello. With whom i’m talking?
This is Zea, I’m so sorry but I can’t going to cinemas tonight with you. Can we reschedulle it?
	Ok, never mind. How on Friday?
Ok. Thank you Bella
	You are welcome Zea.

procedure

PROCEDURE

Definition

is a kind of text which show or tell a process how to make or how to do something. Its social function is to describe how something is completely done through a sequence of series. Procedure text is dominantly structured with imperative sentence since it actually an instruction. Procedure text usually explain the ingredient, materials which are needed, and explain step by step how to do or make something.

Generic Structure

Goal : showing the purpose
Materials : tellling something that we need to make something
Step by step : describing the steps to achieve the purpose

Language Feature of Procedure

Using temporal conjunction
Using action verb
Using imperative sentence
Using Simple Present Tense